Blue-headed vireo
Vireo solitarius
 
ITIS Species Code:   179010         NatureServ Element Code:   ABPBW01160
 
Taxa: 
Order: 
Family: 
Aves
Passeriformes
Vireonidae
NatureServe Global Rank: 
NatureServe State (NC) Rank: 
 
G5
S5B,S3N
 
Federal Status: 
NC State Status: 
 
---
---
 
 
PARTNERS IN FLIGHT PRIORITY SCORES:
Southern Blue Ridge:  19 Southern Piedmont:  16 South Atl. Coastal Plain:  16
 
HEXAGONAL KNOWN RANGE:PREDICTED DISTRIBUTION:
 
SUMMARY OF STATEWIDE PREDICTED DISTRIBUTION:
 
Land Unit

US Fish & Wildlife Service
US Forest Service
US National Park Service
US Department of Defense
NC State Parks
NC University System
NC Wildlife Res. Com.
NC Forest Service
NC Div. of Coastal Mgmt.
Local Governments
Non-Governmental Org.
Other Public Lands
Private Lands

GAP Status 1-2
All Protected Lands
Statewide
 
Hectares

826.83
169,338.60
7,416.27
68,874.57
9,846.63
530.37
16,319.97
1,024.14
0.00
5,583.33
5,124.87
1,015.11
953,041.50

113,778.12
285,199.14
1,238,942.19
 
Acres

2,043.14
418,444.71
18,326.00
170,192.74
24,331.55
1,310.57
40,327.52
3,219.39
0.00
13,796.71
12,663.83
2,508.39
2,355,016.38

281,840.49
705,430.97
3,062,180.91
% of Dist. on
Prot. Lands

0.3 %
59.4 %
2.5 %
24.1 %
3.5 %
0.2 %
5.6 %
0.4 %
0.0 %
1.7 %
1.7 %
0.3 %
0.0 %

39.9 %
-----   
-----   
% of Dist. on
All Lands

< 0.1 %
13.7 %
0.6 %
5.6 %
0.8 %
< 0.1 %
1.3 %
< 0.1 %
0.0 %
0.5 %
0.4 %
< 0.1 %
76.9 %

9.2 %
-----   
-----   
 
HABITAT DESCRIPTION:
Breeds primarily in mountains, up to highest elevations of the spruce-fir forest (Alsop 1991, Hamel 1992). Also found in lowlands east to Wake county (Pearson 1959) and central Piedmont where it is considered rare and local (Hamel 1992).

Breeds pirmarily above 3500 feet (Hamel 1992) in middle to mature spruce-fir (Alsop 1991), white pine (Hamel 1992), and mixed coniferous-decidous woodlands (Ehrlich et al. 1988). Below 2000 feet in the mountain region, the species is associated with hemlock stands (Alsop 1991). In the Piedmont, found in mature pine forests, especially loblolly (Hamel 1992).

Usually builds nest in fork of conifer twig (Ehrlich et al. 1988).

NATURE SERVE GLOBAL HABITAT COMMENTS:

Mixed coniferous-deciduous woodland, humid montane forest (Sibley and Monroe 1990); in migration and winter also in a variety of forest, woodland, scrub, and thicket habitats (AOU 1983), prefers forest edge and semi-open (Stiles and Skutch 1989). Nest built in twig fork of shrub or conifer, 1-6 m (often less than 3 m) above ground.

 
MODELING DESCRIPTION:
Occupied Landcover Map Units:
Code NameDescription NC Natural Heritage Program Equivalent
222 Piedmont Dry-Mesic Pine Forests Loblolly dominated forests resulting from succession following clearing. This type occurs on all moisture regimes following disturbance with the exception of the extremely xeric sites. No equivalent
21 Coniferous Cultivated Plantation (natural / planted) Managed pine plantations, densely planted. Most planted stands are loblolly, but slash and longleaf occur as well. No equivalent
517 Hemlock Floodplain Forest Alluvial forest with hemlock and/or white pine in mountains and western piedmont. Hydrology is generally temporarily to seasonally flooded. Canada Hemlock Forest
521 Spruce/Fir Forest High Elevation Frazer-Fir - Red Spruce, Red Spruce and Red-Spruce-Yellow Birch Forests. Tree densities included here include both woodland to forest density. Highly intermixed with Northern Hardwoods, Grassy Balds, and Shrub Balds. Red Spruce--Fraser Fir Forest, Fraser Fir Forest
522 Northern Hardwoods High Elevation forests including yellow birch, American beech, and yellow buckeye. Includes forests with Hemlock and Yellow Birch. Northern Hardwoods Forest, Boulderfield Forest
525 Appalachian Oak Forest A variety of oak forest types including Black, White, Scarlet Oaks in dry to mesic situations. Includes forests historically co-dominated by American Chestnut. High Elevation Red Oak Forest, Montane White Oak Forest
526 Appalachian Cove Forest Mixed Mesophytic forests of the mountains. Includes tuliptree, basswood, yellow buckeye and surgar maple. This class is mapped to include cove forests dominated or co-dominated by hemlock. Rich Cove Forest, Acidic Cove Forest
527 Appalachian Hemlock Upland hemlock forests of the moutains region. Vary from side slopes to steep slope positions. Canada Hemlock Forest
View Entire Landcover Legend
 
Additional Spatial Constraints:
Exclude all area outside of known range.
 
CITATIONS:
Barlow, J. C. 1980. Patterns of ecological interactions among migrant and resident vireos on the wintering grounds. Pages 79-107 in B80KEA02NA.

Johnson, N. K., R. M. Zink, and J. A. Marten. 1988. Genetic evidence for relationships in the avian family Vireonidae. Condor 90:428-445.

Heindel, M.T. 1996. Field identification of the solitary vireo complex. Birding 28(6):458-471.

Bent, A.C. 1950. Life histories of North American wagtails, shrikes, vireos, and their allies. U.S. Natl. Mus. Bull. 197. Washington, D.C.

Hagan, J.M., III, and D.W. Johnston, editors. 1992. Ecology and conservation of neotropical migrant landbirds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. xiii + 609 pp.

Hamel, P. B. 1992. The land manager's guide to the birds of the south. The Nature Conservancy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 367 pp + several appendices.

Murray, B. W., et al. 1994. The use of cytochrome B sequence variation in estimation of phylogeny in the Vireonidae. Condor 96:1037-1054.

Sauer, J.R., and S. Droege. 1992. Geographical patterns in population trends of neotropical migrants in North America. Pages 26-42 in J.M. Hagan III and D.W. Johnston, editors. Ecology and conservation of neotropical migrant landbirds. Smithsonian Institu

Harrison, C. 1978. A field guide to the nests, eggs and nestlings of North American birds. Collins, Cleveland, Ohio.

Harrison, H.H. 1979. A field guide to western birds' nests. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 279 pp.

Keast, A., and E. S. Morton. 1980. Migrant birds in the Neotropics; ecology, distribution, and conservation. Smithsonian Inst. Press, Washington, D.C.

Terres, J.K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

American Ornithologists' Union (AOU), Committee on Classification and Nomenclature. 1983. Check-list of North American Birds. Sixth Edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas.

Ehrlich, P.R., D.S. Dobkin, and D. Wheye. 1988. The birder's handbook:a field guide to the natural history of North American birds. Simon and Shuster, Inc., New York. xxx + 785 pp.

Stiles, F.G., and A.F. Skutch. 1989. A guide to the birds of Costa Rica. Comstock Publ. Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York. 511 pp.

Droege, S., and J.R. Sauer. 1990. North American Breeding Bird Survey, annual summary, 1989. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Biological Report 90(8). 22 pp.

Sibley, C.G., and B.L. Monroe. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut. xxiv + 1111 pp.

Alsop FJ III. 1991. Birds of the Smokies. Gatlinburg: Great Smoky Mountains Natural History Association.

10 March 2005
 
This data was compiled and/or developed by the North Carolina GAP Analysis Project.

For more information please contact them at:
NC-GAP Analysis Project
Dept. of Zoology, NCSU
Campus Box 7617
Raleigh, NC 27695-7617
(919) 513-2853
www.basic.ncsu.edu/ncgap